Engine block
Crankshaft
Pistons
Connecting rods
Valves
Cylinder head
Crankcase
Timing and camshafts
Auxiliary battery
Ignition
Spark plugs
Alternator
Starter motor
Controller
Fuel supply and injection system
Filters
Intake system
Turbocharger
Exhaust system
Catalytic converters
Probes
Radiator
Water pump
Hoses
Thermostat
Intercooler + lubrication system + electric motor
Lithium-ion Battery
Battery thermal management system (BMT)
Energy recovery systems
On-board charger and plug (for plug-in hybrid)
High-voltage wiring, battery management systems (BMS)
Converter-inverter
Hybrid vehicles (HVs) have a propulsion system that combines an electric motor and a combustion engine. The current offer is wide-ranging, depending on the different systems and technologies that work together:
Many technologies are available to improve efficiency:
Start-Stop System: This stops the combustion engine when it detects that the car has stopped, without deactivating any other vehicle mechanism, thus reducing fuel consumption.
48V Hybrid System: This facilitates access to the electrification of the propulsion system of passenger cars and therefore to their micro-hybridisation. The electric system assists the combustion engine, but is not powerful enough to boost the vehicle alone. It allows the integration of solutions such as regenerative braking -which is used to recharge the battery-, starting assistance or the supply of the vehicle’s auxiliary electrical systems.
High-Voltage Hybridisation: In a high-voltage hybrid, both the electric motor and the combustion engine can boost the vehicle, either together or separately. As a result, the all-electric mode makes it possible to travel without producing emissions for a few kilometres.
Regenerative Braking: This allows recovery of part of the energy from braking and deceleration, which would normally be lost as heat. Therefore, the engine functions as a generator, producing electricity while reducing the vehicle’s speed and recharging the battery in the process.